Technologist in Blood Banking (BB (ASCP)) Practice Test

Determining blood type before a transfusion is crucial primarily to prevent transfusion reactions. Each person has a specific blood type, defined by the presence or absence of certain antigens and antibodies in the blood. If a patient receives blood that is not compatible with their own, their immune system may recognize the transfused blood as foreign and mount an immune response against it. This response can lead to serious complications, including hemolytic reactions, which can be life-threatening.

By confirming the blood type, healthcare providers ensure that the donor's blood is compatible with the recipient's blood. This compatibility minimizes the risk of adverse events and enhances the safety and effectiveness of the transfusion process. The other options do not directly relate to the critical reasons for blood typing; for instance, matching weight or assessing storage temperatures are not primary concerns compared to the necessity of preventing potentially severe transfusion reactions.