What is the proper term for a blood component collected from the same individual for their own use?

The term that describes a blood component collected from the same individual for their own use is "autologous." This concept is significant in blood banking and transfusion medicine, as autologous donations minimize the risk of transfusion reactions and disease transmission. When patients donate their own blood in advance of a surgical procedure or for personal use in case of future needs, it is categorized as an autologous donation.

This practice is beneficial because it enhances the safety of transfusions, ensuring that the recipient's blood type is compatible and that the blood has not been exposed to infectious agents that could be present in donor blood. Autologous blood collection is commonly encouraged in elective surgeries, where patients can pre-donate for their anticipated post-operative transfusion needs.

The other terms define different types of blood donations. "Homologous" refers to blood collected from a donor for use by another patient, while "allogenic" describes blood collected from a volunteer donor for use in patients in need. "Fractional" is a less commonly used term that does not specifically pertain to blood donations. Therefore, autologous is the clearly correct and relevant term in this context.