What types of cells can potentially evoke a febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction?

A febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction is primarily due to the recipient's immune response to the transfused blood components, particularly when they contain leukocytes (white blood cells) and platelets. These reactions can occur when the recipient has pre-existing antibodies against donor leukocytes or when cytokines released from activated platelets or leukocytes stimulate the immune system.

While red blood cells can trigger reactions, the febrile response specifically relates to white blood cells and platelets, as they are often associated with the release of pyrogens (fever-inducing substances) during the transfusion process. White blood cells, especially leukocytes, are known for containing substances that provoke such immune responses, and platelets also can trigger fevers through similar mechanisms during transfusion. Thus, both white blood cells and platelets are responsible for evoking the febrile response, making the combined presence of these cells the correct answer for this question.

In summary, the potential for a febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction is accurately attributed to white blood cells and platelets, emphasizing the role of these cells in the immune response during transfusions.