When are packed red blood cells (PRBCs) typically used?

Packed red blood cells (PRBCs) are specifically utilized to treat conditions such as anemia and significant blood loss. Anemia may result from various factors, including chronic disease, nutritional deficiencies, or bone marrow failure, leading to low levels of hemoglobin and decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. Transfusing PRBCs helps to restore these levels, improving the patient's overall oxygen delivery to tissues and alleviating symptoms of fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath.

Additionally, PRBCs are critical in managing acute blood loss due to trauma or surgery, where rapid restoration of blood volume and red blood cell count is essential to maintain adequate perfusion and prevent shock. Therefore, the primary use of PRBCs is centered around supporting the body’s ability to transport oxygen and sustain metabolic processes, particularly in cases of anemia and during episodes of substantial blood loss.