Why is it important to test for antibodies before a transfusion?

Testing for antibodies before a transfusion is crucial primarily to ensure compatibility between the donor's blood and the recipient's blood. This process helps identify any potential antibodies the recipient may have against specific antigens present on red blood cells from the donor. If a transfusion is performed without matching antibodies and antigens, it can lead to a transfusion reaction, which can be life-threatening.

Compatibility testing, which includes blood typing and cross-matching, minimizes the risk of acute hemolytic transfusion reactions, enhances patient safety, and improves the overall success of the transfusion. Each antibody has the potential to react with certain antigens, and identifying these beforehand is key to a safe transfusion process.